مجله مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی
پیاپی 37 (زمستان 1395)

Implementing creative cities strategies is one of the practical solutions for todays, cities. Cities, which have societal, economical, cultural and environmental issues, are able to moderate these issues through prioritizing creative elements. The purpose of this research is evaluation of challenges and opportunities in developing a creative city in "ARAS FREE TRAD – INDUSTRIAL ZONE The collection of requirements data has been done with literature review (documental) and field work survey. The research involves collecting date through different approaches including: questionnaire, field observation and interview. SWOT technique has been also used to analyze and give guideline. Examining and analyzing different aspects of region, demonstrates that it has more strength points and opportunities. The results of this study indicate followings: standing in international transportation (six corridor) with weight of 0.32, neglecting cultural and societal with weight of 0.21 are respectively, among strength and weakness points. Possessing a strategic geographical location with weight of 0.28 and advertisement, agencies, administrative offices and limited marketing with weight of 0.28 are. Respectively, the most important opportunities and threats to the region. With augmentation of strengths and opportunities points, transition from current trend to innovative development in Aras Free Zone accelerate and will close to the criterions of world creative cities. The results show that region despite having capabilities and basic infrastructure as well as having an aggressive strategy, still have more distance with important and necessary situations from a creative city.

This study aims is to explore the role of spatial factors in the rural labor seasonal migration to the cities. For this purpose, of spatial factors, the three components of Earth's average of rural household, distance from city and rural height choose and the seasonal migration from rural areas has been calculated on the basis of these three parameters. The study population will comprise the heads of rural households of Sarvabad County. Of 65 Village in county, 13 villages (20%) randomly selected as sample and of 11700 rural households, 323 heads of households were selected based on logical formula Cochran. In each of the 13 villages 24 questionnaires randomly distribute and completed. Finally, with using the Pearson correlation between immigration and spatial factors, distance, the household average of land and village heights has been investigated. Descriptive findings showed that the largest number of immigrants stay to 4 months in the seasonal migration (54%), seasonal migration for 48 per cent up to 10 years .More immigrants are spring migrants season (60%) and the return spring season (60%), autumn season is (39.3). Seasonal migrants jobs for 57% of the sample, is a construction worker. According to Pearson, two parameter of the land average of household and distance from the city with measure of seasonal migration has been highly correlated and altitude of villages is no correlated. Accordingly, we can conclude spatial factors in the development of seasonal migration of rural labor force are involved in the Sarvabad County.

Economic and social development of rural settlements is absolutely contingent on basic services, especially transport infrastructure and services. Development of rural settlements as well as the development of different economic sectors, social and industry. So in this article using library and field (questionnaire) to examine the economic and social effects of transport Highways Khorramabad- Paul Zal district in rural areas in the eastern valley has been Poldokhtar city. The construction of the highway from 1384 to over 104 at the junction of two Khorramabad and Andimeshk had begun on 11 Persian dates Aban 1389 and officially came into operation. The statistical population included rural families eastern in Miyankoh (N= 514), 103 households using the Cochrane formula (12 villages) were selected as the sample. For single-sample t-test data analysis, Friedman test, linear regression, and path analysis were used. The results of-of the analysis of the data indicates a freeway positive impact on economic and social indicators in the study area So that increases the income of rural households, Increase household access to markets for agricultural products, The rising cost of agricultural land, Increasing access to health, education, and quality of life in rural areas is studied. Therefore, we can say that one of the most important and best practices for the development of rural settlements, Increased investment in infrastructure and transport in the regions.

Housing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative assessment of social housing indicators in rural areas of Rasht county. The methodology used in this study is a combination of descriptive and analytical method and in terms of target is a practical research. Required information was obtained through documentary sources of six censuses conducted during the years of 1967 to 2012. The results revealed that social quantitative indicators of housing including : household density per dwelling, density of persons per room, density of persons per dwelling, distribution of housing units by number of rooms and households, is more appropriate and favorable than in the past. Moreover, qualitative social indicators of housing, namely, floor area of dwelling, durability of construction materials, ownership, way of possessing, infrastructure, facilities, show a growing trend and relative improvement although there are still some problems and shortcomings.

Discussion of disaster management in disasters is important issues in urban planning, and recognizing the vulnerability of different parts of the city, seem to be necessary. It should be accepted that always a percentage of crises are inevitable, but the vast majority of threats, disaster and inflammation are imposed and before the outbreak, those must be forecast and prevented with investigation and correct management. This research to achieve accurate perspective on disaster management and prevention of surprise managers, as a first step and the basis for management decisions, identifies and analyzes the vulnerability situation of Bijar city. This study has been done with uses the data of blocks in 1390 and eight criterias, quality of buildings, construction materials, number of stories, old buildings, plots area, level of occupancy rate, population density and land with fuzzy approach. The results show that very high vulnerability tissues are located in central and southern parts of the Bijar city.
These areas partially are based on old and worn out tissues of the city and may have been exposed to the greatest risks when probable disaster. In Bijar city Tzeabad and Almasieh neighborhoods than other neighborhoods are in higher vulnerability. It should be noted that, while the eastern and northern neighborhoods of the city, including neighborhoods Takhte olia, Takhte sofla and Lower, less vulnerable than other neighborhoods, but are far until u desirable and ideal situation.

Health services In city surface with health and health mental of the citizens of Relationship Direct are. Improve Condition the health of citizens is a sign of the promotion of and human development. Assess the Levels of development Using quantitative methods Led to the identification of The inequality Between the areas And the Other effort In Fields Reduction And fixes Inequalities. The present study With the aim of Exploitation The parameters considered, Looking Assessment of Situation distribution And development Health Services The city of the province, Determine the Differences in development Between them And Also Realized the Officials More attention city of Underserved and underdeveloped.
Methodology, descriptive analytic And applied research The data consists of 15 indicators of health services from the last census (1390) was received. In this studyusing the model Topsis and Vikor To prioritize city of Khorasan Razavi Based on indicators of health care-The four levels Discussed .
Results of the study suggest that Mashhad city as the administrative center of political and economic In situation developed City In terms of indicators Health services are Significant difference with other County There. Cities Nishapur and Sabzevar located on the second level of development And Other Cities In Level Partially Deprived And Deprived Located. Research findings suggests that Deprivation Kelly In the Provincial In terms of Entitlement Indicators of health services Dominates And distribution Health services Available Proportional With the needs Population cities Not carried out.

Sometimes long-term effects are more than direct and indirect effects in time of war. In this article, the effect of the imposed war on trend of economic development of selected villages in the border Qasreshirin County was reviewed. The main question is: what are the effects of Iraqi imposed war against Iran on growth and economic development of rural areas of Qasreshirin County? The data used is collected using documentary and field survey. 199 questionnaires for households and 15 for rural experts living in rural areas have been used in the field study. The population study is 1085 households in 33 war-torn villages of this County. Of these villages, 15 villages and 214 households from these villages were determined as sample. For hypothesis test and measure the impact of the war in rural settlements, responses to locutions were combined using “Compute Variable” and eventually it was tested using one sample T-test. The results showed that war has been affected on the region's economic indicators and caused slow growth and economic development of Qasreshirin County. In addition to direct damage in time of war, other numerous damages have left. According to the results it can be said that in addition some effects of war has left several generations, some of the economic effects of war are still visible in the villages and after these years has not been compensated. Hence it need provide necessary conditions for the development of the village with special attention.

Today with increasingly proccess of population growth and development of poverty in local communities , attention to rural tourism has been mentioned as a source to increase of income and creating of financial welfare , and thus governmental and private policies and investments has provided structural- functional changes of these rural spaces that has caused to settlemental sustainability / unsustainability . This article attempts to reply to this problem how rural tourism developing as an economical-cultural activity has caused to settlemential sustainability / unsustainability during (1375 – 1390) . Method of resaerch is ( descriptive – analytical ) , and needed data and information also have been gathered in ways of ( field work and librariy) , statistical softwares ( Excel and Spss ) have been useded to analys the data and also to draw the maps , Arc Gis has been utilized . Population include of 362 household that through cochran formol 20 has been selected as a sample , and 20 persons of tourists also has been selected . Tourism by accelerating of enviornmental problems and also creating of dualism and contrast in physical texture of the village (case study ) has caused to enviornmental – ecological and physical unsustainability ; but about social- cultural and economical, tourism has caused to social- cultural and economical sustainability , by increasing of income , decreasing of rural – urban migrations and in conclusion , by heighten of trend to insolubility in rural settlement .

One of the ways to rescue the village from poverty, migration, social and economic problems, is the development of rural tourism. According to this study to identify the capabilities Dalfard village tourism and tourism development strategic plan using a set of internal factors (strengths, weaknesses) and a set of external factors (opportunities, threats). The research is descriptive and analytical methods. Collecting information and data required by a library and field studies conducted investigations and to analyze information by using the technique of SWOT strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are analyzed Tourism and strategies to develop regional tourism. results from this study indicate that in the village strengths(8 ), weaknesses (9), opportunities(8) and threats(8) has a impact on tourism. results from strategic SWOT implies that in between the internal and external factors affecting the development of tourism dalfard, T4, O8, W5, S8, By Rated, 0.228, 0.221, 0.22, 0.205 and the final score matrix assess internal factors (3.058) and external (3) represents have more influence the internal factors on the external factors in the village of dalfard. The result of the strategy SWOT indicated that (WO) with a score of 3.4 a first priority (WT) with a score of 3.1, (SO) with a score of 3, (ST) with a score of 2.7 The next priorities is tourism planning Dalfard.